Diabetes
The McDougall Program:
Diet and Lifestyle Implications
www.drmcdougall.com
Both forms of diabetes, childhood and adult, are rare in parts of the world where people's meals are based on starches. This rarity is easy to understand as far as adult-type diabetes is concerned, since the primary cause of that illness is the rich Western diet. Fat inhibits action of the body's insulin, and the lack of fibers allows rapid passage of glucose from the gut into the blood at which point the blood sugar content rises rapidly. Carbohydrates surprisingly stimulate insulin activity, thereby lowering blood sugar levels, and making the diabetic feel better.
For cases of childhood diabetes the explanation is cow's milk consumption. Cow's milk protein fed to young children causes an autoimmune reaction that causes the body to direct antibodies to the child's pancreas.
Many of the complications that occur in both forms of the disease are the consequences of a rich diet burdening a weakened system. A diabetic person cannot defend himself from the harmful American diet or repair the damages it causes as well as can someone who does not have diabetes. Consider how a small infection in a diabetic's toe can soon extend to the point where amputation of the foot or of the leg will be necessary. The various manifestations of atherosclerosis can progress much more rapidly in a diabetic. Even mild variations in blood sugar-control are associated with an increased rate of heart attacks in Americans.
Atherosclerosis is remarkably uncommon in the few cases of diabetes found in counties in Africa and Asia where the diet is largely starch-based. These few diabetics live almost free of heart disease, strokes, and gangrene which are too common among diabetics indulging in the unending American feast.
In Childhood Diabetes: These patients will usually drop their insulin needs by 30%, and their blood sugar levels will be more stable (less "brittle") on a starch-based diet. Most important, their risk of complications is markedly decreased with a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet. Insulin adjustments are made as usual, with the aid of urine-sugar, and blood sugar tests, under a doctor's supervision.
In Adult Diabetes: Change in diet will allow 75% of these patients to stop taking all insulin, and more than 95% to stop taking all diabetic pills. (The few who continue to need medication should be treated with small doses of insulin.) Insulin adjustments are made as usual, with the aid of urine-sugar and blood-sugar tests, under a doctor's supervision.
My Recommendations: Never take oral hypoglycemic drugs, because they increase your chances of dying sooner. Change to a low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate diet (starches, vegetables, and about 3 fruits a day). If you're obese, lose weight, for added health and blood sugar-control. You should also be physically active. Exercise, in addition to helping you lose weight, has independent benefits that increase the activity of insulin and improves your diabetic condition.
Childhood-type diabetics will continue to need insulin! If a childhood diabetic stopped all insulin they would likely develop ketoacidosis, slip into a coma and soon die. Insulin in this disease is lifesaving, because these childhood-onset diabetics make little or none of their own.
Adult-type diabetics will need insulin if they suffer from the most obvious symptoms of their disease--such as too much weight loss too soon (you should be so lucky), too much thirst, and too frequent urination. The question of better control, meaning fewer complications, has not been settled. I believe the closer to normal, the blood sugar level is kept the better. But blood sugar levels should not be under such "good" control that the patient runs the increased risk of suffering damaging hypoglycemia from over zealous use of insulin. More specifically, damage to the eyes is more severe and more common when blood sugar levels are too low. Blood sugar levels, if you are taking insulin, should be controlled at 150 mg/dl to 300 mg/dl.
People with diabetes are usually experts at adjusting their own medication and rarely have trouble making necessary changes. I usually stop adult-diabetic's pills the very day they start the Program. Adult diabetics on insulin should cut their dosage at least in half upon starting the Program. They will find themselves lowering (rarely raising) their intake of insulin, depending on what level their blood and/or urine sugars are each day. If your urine sugars were 0 and +1 all day long, a 5 unit drop will probably be suggested by your doctor for tomorrow. If you had a hypoglycemic reaction, then as an adult-type diabetic, you will be told to lower your dosage even more (10 to 20 units) and possibly told by your doctor to stop the insulin altogether. Blood sugar levels can also be used to regulate insulin dosage. You will want to keep your sugar between 150 mg/dl and 350 mg/dl while you are changing your diet these days (higher levels are safer than lower levels.) I have seen adult diabetics come off of more than 75 to 180 units of NPH insulin within 3 days of a change in diet and exercise. Be careful to lower the dosage quickly enough. Have sugar (hard candy) around for all too likely hypoglycemic reactions.
Childhood diabetics should reduce their insulin dosage by 30% when beginning the program, then make further adjustments as indicated by blood sugar or urine sugar readings. As a general posture, it is safer to be undermedicated with a slightly higher blood sugar, than overmedicated with hypoglycemia that causes sweating, confusion and finally coma.
For more details on diabetes see McDougall's Medicine--A Challenging Second Opinion.
DO NOT TAKE THIS INFORMATION AS PERSONAL MEDICAL ADVICE. DO NOT CHANGE YOUR DIET, IF YOU ARE ILL, OR MEDICATION WITHOUT THE ADVICE OF A QUALIFIED HEALTH CARE PROVIDER (YOUR PHYSICIAN, FOR EXAMPLE). MORE DETAILED INFORMATION IS FOUND IN THE MCDOUGALL PROGRAM--12 DAYS TO DYNAMIC HEALTH (PLUME 1990), IN YOUR BOOKSTORE OR CALL (800) 570-1654 TO ORDER BOOKS
REFERENCES:
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